Cape Cobra - Naja nivea
Cape cobras are relatively small,
slender cobras that has a broad head, and smooth but dull scales
in 19-21 rows. There is one preocular and a narrow rostral. colouration
is varied, with some phases common in certain regions. The yellow
cobra is butter-coloured to dirty yellow, sometimes speckled with
brown; the brown or speckled cobra is bright reddish-brown to mahogany,
with darker and paler flecks; and the black cobra is purplish-black.
Juveniles are dirty yellow, often finely speckled in dark brown,
and have a black throat band.
General behaviour is active during
the day and early evening, this snake feeds on a wide spectrum of
prey, including other snakes. It will climb low trees and raid sociable
weaver colonies. The cape cobra is highly attracted by rodents.
Unfortunately, it is both nervous and deadly. It spreads a broad
hood and confidently disputes its right of way. It is a non-spitter.
The venom is syrupy and as toxic as the black mamba's. The average
venom yield is 120 mg (max. 250 mg); 15-20 mg is fatal in humans.
The venom is neurotoxic, and death usually occurs from the rapid
onset of paralysis. Large volumes of antivenom are urgently required
in the treatment of the bite. Bites are not uncommon; this species
is responsible for the majority of fatal snakebites.
The female lays 8-20 large eggs (60
x 30 mm) in a burrow.
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